Sunday 7 December 2014

Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo calls for ban on diesel cars by 2020

Paris covered in smog (11 March 2014)The Eiffel Tower and other landmark buildings disappeared in fog in March
The mayor of Paris has called for diesel cars to be banned from the French capital by 2020 as part of plans to reduce pollution.
Anne Hidalgo told France's Journal du Dimanche newspaper she wanted only ultra low-emission vehicles on the capitals' main thoroughfares.
She also suggested more pedestrianised areas and a doubling of cycle lanes.
A partial car ban was imposed in March after the capital's air quality was found to be one of the worst on record.
Serious risk
"I want diesel cars out of Paris by 2020," Ms Hidalgo said in the interview published on Sunday (in French).
"Today 60% of Parisians already do not have cars, compared with 40% in 2001. Things are changing quickly."
Anne Hidalgo in November 2014Ms Hidalgo said she wanted to limit the traffic on some streets to "clean vehicles"
Her plans also include limits on the tourist buses that clog Paris streets, banning trucks from cutting through the city, and adding electric vans to the city's car-sharing scheme.
She said there was a serious public health risk in the capital, with Parisians living on average six or seven months less than people not exposed to the same levels of pollution.
The plans will be discussed by the city council on Tuesday.
A police officer inspects a vehicle in Paris (17 March 2014)The authorities have in the past banned vehicles from running on certain days
Some 84% of Paris residents see fighting pollution as a priority and 54% supported a diesel ban in the city by 2020, according a poll carried out for the Journal du Dimanche.
Research by the World Health Organization has shown that diesel engines, although more fuel efficient than petrol engines, produce more pollutants.
more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30368504

A Jewish festival in a town without Jews

Children performing at the festival
Of the 50,000 citizens in the Polish town of Kutno, not one is Jewish - yet it staged perhaps the most impressive concert of Jewish music I've ever heard.
The performers were all children from schools in the town, the youngest no more than six or seven.
They belted out old hits in Yiddish and Hebrew with a fluency and stage presence that few adult performers could match.
The concert was the finale of an ambitious festival of Jewish culture that the town has held since 1993.
So why does it happen? The short answer is that my great-grandfather was born there.
There's a long answer too, but we'll come on to that.
Sholem Asch
My great-grandfather, Sholem Asch, was born in Kutno in 1880 in a one-storey wooden house teeming with children, and a yard full of livestock that his father traded.
He moved to Warsaw, then Paris and New York, and became one of the most famous Jewish writers of the 1920s and 30s.
He left Kutno far behind, but the Jewish community he grew up in - with its beggars, traders, butchers, rabbis, prostitutes and assorted schemers and dreamers - all found a kind of immortality in his stories and plays.
That world was swept away in World War Two.
Kutno's experience was typical. In one day the entire Jewish community - 8,000 people - was marched at gunpoint to the grounds of a deserted factory at the edge of town.
They spent two years in filthy, overcrowded conditions, with many dying of disease, hunger and cold, before being murdered in gas vans atChelmno death camp.
A German soldier in Kutno during World War TwoA German soldier in Kutno during World War Two
When the war ended, Kutno, like so many other towns and cities across Poland, essentially started over again, learning to function without its Jewish tailors, shoemakers, lawyers and merchants.
A town with a hole at its heart.
Actresses in one of Asch's playsAsch's play God Of Vengeance, set in a brothel in Poland, is being performed in Yiddish in Warsaw
Polish attitudes to the country's Jewish past are complex. There's plenty of lingering anti-Semitism, a kind of kitsch theme park nostalgia, pride in Poles who saved Jews during the war, and guilt about those who collaborated.
To complicate the picture further, there is a deep-rooted conviction that Poles themselves are victims of a turbulent history.
But even that's not the whole story.
Sholem Asch (left) with Maxim GorkySholem Asch (left), with the Russian writer Maxim Gorky in Moscow in the 1920s
Something else has emerged in the last 20 years: a growing number of Poles who feel profound loss about the Jewish nation that vanished from their midst.
I came across some of them strolling in Warsaw's vast Jewish cemetery.
They were buying brightly-coloured memorial lanterns to place on graves of people they had no personal connection with, but wanted to honour and remember.
As I stood in front of the large mausoleum to Yitskhok Leybush Peretz, a giant of Yiddish literature, I noticed a glamorous young couple peering at it.
The tomb of Yiddish writer Yitskhok Leybush Peretz in Warsaw's Jewish cemetery
She had thigh-high leather boots, bright red lipstick, an elegant cape.
He had cheekbones to rival Rudolf Nureyev, a natty silk scarf and a trendy beret.
"Do you know who's buried here?" I asked.
"We're Polish - so of course we know about Peretz," they said. "We just can't read the Yiddish words on the tomb."
That deep respect for a vanished culture has also resulted in a world-class museum that's just opened in the heart of Warsaw's former Jewish quarter.
A beautiful shimmering glass structure, it tells the bittersweet story of the Jews' long love affair with Poland with clear-eyed honesty and real flair.
Those same feelings of curiosity, loss and kinship led a handful of people in Kutno to start up a Jewish festival as Poland emerged from communism in the early 1990s.
As private cafes and general stores began to open up, the town announced its first Sholem Asch Festival, a sign that Kutno was looking west, and engaging with European culture.
The town has come a long way since then.
Inside the Museum of Polish Jews in WarsawA reconstruction of a wooden synagogue in the new museum
Its new business park is attracting American, German and Chinese companies, and provides jobs for 6,000 locals.
The Sholem Asch Festival has also come a long way. It includes a literary competition on a Jewish theme that attracts hundreds of entries from all over Poland.
There's a local Jewish dance band, theatre performances, and new translations of my great-grandfather's works into Polish.
Poland's rediscovery of its Jewish past started in Warsaw and Krakow, places where Jewish communities re-emerged as the war ended.
It's now spread far beyond the big cities and is growing year by year.
It might not be a mass movement, but as Kutno shows, it's more than just a token effort.
And in a world where bitter sectarian conflicts grab most of the headlines, a Jewish festival in a town with no Jews is surely something worth celebrating.
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More from the Magazine
Szpiro family portrait
David Mazower remembers more of his family including his cousin Paul. The family patriarch had given all his 10 children an identical watch. Nine of the watches disappeared over time. But at the age of 20, Paul had torn the inner cover off his watch and hidden it inside a window sill in his home in the Polish city of Lodz, before he was deported. He returned as a liberated survivor, persuaded the new occupants of his home to let him in, and retrieved the sliver of metal from its hiding place
more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-30214204

Merkel condemns Russia 'interfering' in Eastern Europe

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Russian President Vladimir Putin in June 2014Russian President Vladimir Putin with German Chancellor Angela Merkel: ties between the two countries have been strained by the Ukraine crisis

German Chancellor Angela Merkel has accused Russia of interfering in the affairs of Eastern European countries seeking closer ties with the EU.
In an interview in Die Welt am Sonntag newspaper (in German), Mrs Merkel said Russia was "creating problems" for Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine.
Russia's violation of "the territorial integrity... of Ukraine must not be allowed to stand", she added.
Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine have signed trade deals with the EU.
Russia is suspicious of these association agreements - it is trying to draw republics which were once part of the Soviet Union into its own customs union.
Map - EU/ex-USSR
"Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine are three countries in our eastern neighbourhood that have taken sovereign decisions to sign an association agreement with the EU," Mrs Merkel told Germany's Die Welt am Sonntag.
"Russia is creating problems for all three of these countries," she said, pointing to frozen conflicts in breakaway regions like Trans-Dniester, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, as well as Russian actions in eastern Ukraine.
Last month Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a "strategic partnership" agreement with Georgia's breakaway region of Abkhazia, drawing strong criticism from Nato and the EU.
Correct response
In the interview, Mrs Merkel also accused Moscow of trying to make countries in the western Balkans economically and politically dependent on Russia in order to gain influence there.
She said she was "convinced" that the "common European response to Russia's actions is correct".
The Ukraine crisis began a year ago, when then-President Viktor Yanukovych abandoned an agreement on strengthening trade ties with EU in favour of closer co-operation with Russia.
This decision sparked pro-EU protests in the capital Kiev, eventually toppling Mr Yanukovych in February.
In the weeks that followed, Russia annexed Crimea, in Ukraine's south, and pro-Russian separatists took control of Donetsk and Luhansk, declaring independence.
More than 4,300 people have died and almost one million have been displaced since conflict began in April, the UN says.

The crisis has caused a serious rift between Russia and Ukraine's Western supporters.

more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30366947

Jason Rezaian, Washington Post reporter, charged by Iran

Jason RezaianJason Rezaian has been the Washington Post's Iran correspondent since 2012
However the nature of the charges was not clear to those in the Tehran court, the Washington Post reported.
Iranian-US citizen Jason Rezaian, 38, and his Iranian wife Yeganeh Salehi, were taken into custody in July.
Western news organisations, including the BBC, have difficulty operating in Iran, with journalists facing detention and surveillance.
The Post, quoting a source close to the case, said that Mr Rezaian spent about 10 hours in court on Saturday while his case was reviewed by a judge.
Mr Rezaian signed a document that said he understood he was being charged, the source added.
Washington Post Executive Editor Martin Baron expressed anger at Mr Rezaian's continued detention.
'Allegations baseless'
"We are dismayed and outraged by reports that Jason Rezaian, the Post's correspondent in Iran, has now been charged with unspecified crimes," he said in a statement.
"The Iranian government has never explained why Jason was detained or why he has been held for more than four months without access to a lawyer.
"Jason is an American citizen who was acting as a fully accredited journalist. If he has indeed been charged, we know that any fair legal proceeding would quickly determine that any allegations against him are baseless."
Yeganeh Salehi, also a journalist, was released on bail in October.
Authorities in Iran frequently detain or harass journalists working for Western news organisations, and westerners with dual citizenship are often targets.

Iran-based family members of BBC journalists have been questioned by intelligence services, and authorities have tried to intimidate London-based BBC Persian staff.
more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-30366165

US frees six Guantanamo detainees to go to Uruguay

File photo shows US military guards move a detainee at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in 2010.President Barack Obama has pledged to close the detention centre at Guantanamo Bay
he US government says it has released six Guantanamo Bay detainees and sent them to Uruguay for resettlement.
A Pentagon statement on Sunday identified the men as four Syrians, a Tunisian and a Palestinian.
All six had been detained as suspected militants with ties to al-Qaeda but were never charged.
Uruguayan President Jose Mujica decided to take the detainees on humanitarian grounds in March but the move was put off until after elections last month.
"The United States is grateful to the Government of Uruguay for its willingness to support ongoing US efforts to close the Guantanamo Bay detention facility," the Pentagon said in a statement.
President Barack Obama has pledged to close the camp in Cuba, which was opened in 2002 as a place to detain enemy combatants in America's war on terror.
Around half of the 136 men still in Guantanamo have been cleared for transfer but have nowhere to go because their countries are unstable or unsafe.
President Jose Mujica 7 November 2014President Mujica said Uruguay was offering its hospitality to "human beings who have suffered a terrible kidnapping in Guantanamo Bay"
More than 50 countries have accepted former Guantanamo detainees.
The US named the prisoners released to Uruguay as Ahmed Adnan Ahjam, Ali Hussain Shaabaan, Omar Mahmoud Faraj, Abdul Bin Mohammed Abis Ourgy, Mohammed Tahanmatan, and Jihad Diyab.
They have been cleared for release since at least 2010 but they could not be sent home, according to the Associated Press.
In Latin America, El Salvador is the only other country to have given Guantanamo prisoners sanctuary, taking two in 2012.
An October opinion poll showed 58% of Uruguayans were opposed to bringing in the prisoners.
President Mujica was himself held for over a decade in harsh prison conditions during Uruguay's period of military rule in the 1970s and 80s.
Reiterating his commitment to take the six prisoners on Friday, he said Uruguay was offering its hospitality to "human beings who have suffered a terrible kidnapping in Guantanamo Bay".
more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30367734

US Republican Louisiana victory boosts Senate majority

Republican Senate candidate Bill Cassidy. 7 Dec 2014Bill Cassidy, pictured with wife Laura, benefited from Barack Obama's unpopularity

US Republicans have increased their majority in the Senate after a runoff from the mid-term elections ended in defeat for the Democrats in Louisiana.
Republican Bill Cassidy's win against Senator Mary Landrieu swells their ranks in the 100-seat chamber to 54.
Republicans have now gained nine Senate seats in the mid-term elections.
There was more bad news for the Democrats when Republicans kept control of two Louisiana seats in runoffs for the House of Representatives.
It means Republicans will increase their current 234-201 advantage in the House by a dozen seats in the next Congress - with one election still to be decided.
Republicans now control both chambers of Congress for the first time since 2006.
Ms Landrieu, 59, was unable to win a fourth term in the face of voter dissatisfaction with President Barack Obama, a Democrat.
She had tried to focus the election on her own performance but Mr Cassidy, 57, portrayed his candidacy as a way for voters to cast another ballot against Mr Obama's policies.
The Republicans now have the power to complicate - if not block completely - Mr Obama's agenda in the last two years of his tenure in the White House.

Control of the Senate will also enable the Republicans to impede his ability to name new federal judges, cabinet members and senior government officials
Mary Landrieu after giving concession speech. 7 Dec 2014Mary Landrieu had been trying to secure a fourth term in the Senate
more info:http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30366066

US police shooting: Funeral for shot NYC man

Kimberly Michelle Ballinger, the domestic partner of Akai Gurley, center right, exits Brown Baptist Church during the funeral for Gurley, Saturday, Dec. 6, 2014Family members including Akai Gurley's partner Kimberley attended the funeral in Brooklyn
A grand jury will be asked whether to prosecute the officer responsible.
The move comes days after a grand jury decided not to charge another New York policeman over the chokehold death of another unarmed black man, Eric Garner, sparking protests across the country.
The US was already facing race-related unrest over the decision not to indict a white police officer who had shot dead a young black man, Michael Brown, in Ferguson, Missouri.
'Modern-day lynchings'
A grand jury is still considering whether the police officer who killed Akai Gurley should be charged
The funeral took place at Brown Baptist Church in Brooklyn on Saturday.
Gurley's mother, stepfather and two-year-old daughter were among those who attended the service.
Activist Kevin Powell delivered the eulogy for the 28-year-old.
"Akai was innocent, innocent, innocent," he said.
"This is modern-day lynchings, over and over again. Akai Gurley was simply the latest victim of this," he added.
The stepfather and mother (C) of Akai Gurley attend his wake at Brown Memorial Baptist Church in Brooklyn, New York December 5, 2014.Members of Gurley's family including his mother and stepfather attended a wake on Friday
The funeral featured music from gospel singers and a poem read by Gurley's younger brother.
Protests against police violence towards minorities continued on Saturday for a fourth day.
The latest spate of protests was sparked by the decision by a grand jury not to to charge a New York policeman over the death of Eric Garner, who died after police put him in a chokehold.
Hundreds streamed along Fifth Avenue and other parts of Manhattan on Friday evening , with banners and chants of "Black lives matter" and "I can't breathe" - a reference to Garner's last words.
A Man holds a banner as he demand justice during the funeral service of Akai Gurley outside of the Brown Memorial Baptist Church on December 6, 2014 in the Brooklyn borough of New York City.Protests took place outside the Brown Baptist Church during the funeral service
Makeshift memorial to Akai Gurley. New York 22 Nov 2014Candles have been left at the housing project where Akai Gurley was shot dead
Kimberly Ballinger, left, partner of Akai Gurley, is embraced by Lesley McSpadden, mother of Michael Brown. 26 Nov 2014Akai Gurley's partner Kimberly Ballinger, left, has been comforted by Lesley McSpadden, mother of Michael Brown
In announcing the grand jury - a body that determines whether to bring criminal charges - Brooklyn's District Attorney Ken Thompson said it was important to conduct a full and fair investigation.
Police say Mr Gurley and his girlfriend had opened a door into the unlit stairway and an inexperienced officer on a routine patrol fired his gun.
New York Police Commissioner William Bratton called the shooting an accident. However, the medical examiner has ruled that the death is a homicide.
Civil rights leader the Reverend Al Sharpton had initially planned to speak at Mr Gurley's memorial service but later said he would pay his respects without making an address.
Activists have called for another march in Washington on 13 December, followed by a summit on civil rights.
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Akai Gurley
Daughter Akaila
  • The 28-year-old father (daughter Akaila above) was killed in November in a Brooklyn apartment building as he walked with his girlfriend
  • He was shot by a rookie New York police officer
  • New York Police Commissioner William Bratton later said Gurley was a totally innocent victim
  • Gurley's family have demanded justice
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13%
of the US population is black
  • 28% of suspects arrested in the US in 2010 were black
  • 32% of people killed from 2003 to 2009 in arrest-related incidents were black
  • 42% of inmates on death row in 2012 were black