Tuesday 16 December 2014

Sydney siege: Why the Lindt cafe was stormed

15 December 2014 Last updated at 19:56 GMT
Two people died, along with an Islamist gunman, after commandos stormed a cafe in Sydney, Australia, to bring a 16-hour siege to an end.
The gunman, identified as an Iranian refugee, had taken dozens of hostages.
New South Wales Police Commissioner Andrew Scipione confirmed that four people had been injured, including a policeman hit by gunshot pellets.
And he told a news conference that commandos had heard shots inside, before they stormed the building.

Russia's fast track to ruin

Russia
Here are the numbers that explain why the Russian economy is imploding in the face of a tumbling oil price and Western sanctions.
Oil and gas energy represents two thirds of exports of around $530bn (£339bn). Without them, Russia would have a massive deficit on its trade and financial dealings with the rest of the world - which is why Russia's central bank expects a capital outflow of well over $100bn this year and next.
And public expenditure is almost completely supported by energy-related revenues. In their absence, the government would be increasing its indebtedness by more than 10% a year, according to IMF data.
So the massive and unsustainable non-oil deficits in the public sector and trade explain why investors don't want to touch the rouble with even the longest barge pole.http://www.bbc.com/news/business-30491170

Pakistan Taliban: Peshawar school attack leaves 135 dead

Most of the injured and dead were students, including a two-year-old child, as Paul Adams reports

Militants from the Pakistani Taliban have attacked an army-run school in Peshawar, leaving at least 135 people dead, most of them children.
Pakistani officials say the attack is now over, with all of the attackers killed, although security forces are still checking for bombs.
Scores of survivors are being treated in hospitals as frantic parents search for news of their children.
The attack is the deadliest ever by the Taliban in Pakistan.
The BBC's Shahzeb Jillani in Karachi says the militants appear to have been intent on killing as many students as possible - rather than taking hostages, as initially thought.
Thousands of Pakistanis have been killed in militant violence in recent years - but the latest attack has caused unprecedented shock.
A Taliban spokesman told BBC Urdu that the school had been targeted in response to army operations.
Hundreds of Taliban fighters are thought to have died in a recent military offensive in North Waziristan and the nearby Khyber area.
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Analysis: Aamer Ahmed Khan, BBC News
This brutal attack may well be a watershed for a country long accused by the world of treating terrorists as strategic assets.
Pakistan's policy-makers struggling to come to grips with various shades of militants have often cited a "lack of consensus" and "large pockets of sympathy" for religious militants as a major stumbling-block.
That is probably why, when army chief Gen Raheel Sharif launched what he called an indiscriminate operation earlier in the year against militant groups in Pakistan's lawless tribal belt, the political response was lukewarm at best.
We will get them, was his message, be they Pakistani Taliban, Punjabi Taliban, al-Qaeda and affiliates, or most importantly, the dreaded Haqqani network. But the country's political leadership chose to remain largely silent. This is very likely to change now.
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BBC map, showing the army school in Peshawar
Soldiers help evacuate childrenPakistani troops have been helping evacuate children from the school
Injured student being evacuatedLocal hospitals have been treating the injured
Woman weeps at hospital treating injured from school attackRelatives of the injured have been waiting for news from the school
An unnamed military source told Reuters news agency that nine gunmen had been killed while other sources said six. Seven soldiers were wounded, the Reuters source added.
First reports spoke of 100 children being killed. However, Pakistan's APP news agency later said 89 children were among the 135 confirmed dead. It is unclear if the toll includes the attackers.
A further 114 people were injured, the agency added.
It appears the militants scaled walls to get into the school and set off a bomb at the start of the assault.
Children who escaped say the militants then went from one classroom to another, shooting indiscriminately.
One boy told reporters he had been with a group of 10 friends who tried to run away and hide. He was the only one to survive.
Others described seeing pupils lying dead in the corridors. One local woman said her friend's daughter had escaped because her clothing was covered in blood from those around her and she had lain pretending to be dead.
A hospital doctor treating injured children said many had head and chest injuries.
Irshadah Bibi, a woman who lost her 12-year-old son, was seen beating her face in grief, throwing herself against an ambulance.
"O God, why did you snatch away my son?" AFP news agency quoted her as saying.
Children fleeing the schoolThe army says most the children have been evacuated
Pakistani troops at the sceneTroops sealed off the area around the school
Children fleeing the schoolThe gunmen are said to have targeted older children
The school is near a military complex in Peshawar. The city, close to the Afghan border, has seen some of the worst of the violence during the Taliban insurgency in recent years.
Many of the students were the children of military personnel. Most of them would have been aged 16 or under.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30491435

Thursday 11 December 2014

India sterilisation 'drunk' doctor suspended




Women, who underwent sterilisation surgery at a government mass sterilisation camp, at a hospital in Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh November 14, 2014. Sterilisation camps are frequently held to carry out mass tubectomy operations on women
Authorities in India's Himachal Pradesh state have suspended a doctor who allegedly fell asleep in the midst of performing sterilisation surgeries.
The doctor, who was allegedly drunk, went off to sleep after operating on five women at a free sterilisation camp in Mandi district area on Wednesday.
A sixth patient had been anaesthetised and was awaiting surgery.
Last month, a scandal erupted over sterilisations when 15 women died after operations in another state.
Tainted drugs were blamed for the botched surgeries at a government-run camp in Chhattisgarh state.
Authorities said the latest incident happened at a free health camp in Suraj valley where 60 women had signed up for free sterilisation surgeries.
They said the doctor had consumed alcohol and conducted five surgeries, before he shut himself up in a room and went off to sleep.
The sixth patient was later taken out of the operation theatre by her family members.
Senior state official Vineet Chawdhry said the five women who had been operated upon by the doctor were "fine and have been discharged and sent home".
"So far they have not reported any complications," he said.
Sterilisation camps are frequently held to carry out mass tubectomy operations for women - or vasectomies for men - and health workers often receive money for each person they bring to a clinic to be sterilised.
The vast majority who take part are women, mostly poor and often paid to be sterilised.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30444126

Indonesia's Jakarta Post rejects blasphemy claim over IS cartoon

Smoke raises behind an Islamic State flag after Iraqi security forces and Shiite fighters took control of Saadiya in Diyala province from Islamist State militants, November 24, 2014The senior journalist could be facing five years in prison for religious blasphemyThe Jakarta Post has defended the publication of a cartoon criticising Islamic State (IS) militants, after its editor was named in a defamation case.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30444002

Water bills 'to fall by 5% by 2020'

Thames Water worker fixing sewerInvestment in water infrastructure is one of the factors that affect the price consumers pay
Household water bills in England and Wales will fall by an average of 5% - not including inflation - by 2020, the regulator Ofwat has ruled.
This would see average bills fall by about £20 from £396 to £376.
The regulator considered plans submitted by the 18 water and sewerage companies outlining proposed costs and prices.
Companies will invest more than £44bn in the next five years to improve services, Ofwat said.
"With bills held down by 5% and service driven up over the next five years, customers will get more and pay less," said Cathryn Ross, Ofwat chief executive.
The new charges will come into effect in April 2015.
For water and sewage charges, Anglian customers will see the greatest percentage drop in yearly bills, down 10% to an average of £390 by 2019-20.
Northumbrian customers will see the smallest change in their bills, dropping 1% to £382.
Severn Trent customers will have the cheapest yearly bills, at £316.
Companies have two months to accept Ofwat's decision, or seek a referral to the Competition and Markets Authority.
http://www.bbc.com/news/business-30444592

Retail robots: The droid at till number 7


German department store robotAre you being served? This robot in a German department store in 1955 could light cigarettes and answer questions in different languages. His descendents are a bit more hands on, and are probably anti-smokingA hardware store in San Jose has a new star employee. It can speak English and Spanish, recognise any part at sight, and knows what the shop has in stock on a second by second basis.
And it's also a robot.
OSHbot, as it is called, measures roughly 5ft, and boasts a 3D scanner and touchscreen.
"It's not just robots for robots' sake, or a marketing gimmick," insists Kyl Nel, executive director of Lowe's Innovation Labs.
Lowe's is an American DIY chain, and the robot's ultimate employer.
A store associate, no matter how talented, couldn't know the real-time location and current stock levels of all of a shop's wares, according to Mr Nel.
The OSHbot is on the shop floor at the Lowes in San JoseThe OSHbot is on the shop floor at the Lowes in San Jose
The robot can scan a screw and match it to the correct size and type in storeThe robot can scan a screw and match it to the correct size and type in store
The 3D scanner connects with a database of thousands of small screws and hinges.
Typical customers entering the store with a small part, he says, "don't know what it's called - all they know is they need 20 of them."
Much of this could be done with a smartphone, although the scanner is more powerful than a mobile phone camera.
But it is more natural to have someone to ask.
"It's another barrier if you have to download something. If you come into a store you're there for a reason, and you typically want it right away," Mr Nel says.
At the moment there are only two of the robots, with variations being field tested.
This includes whether the robots' voices should be male or female, electronic or human; whether they should have a face or not; and how fast they should move.
"But we didn't go to all that trouble to do one store in the Bay area," adds Mr Nel.
OSHbot with a customerThe plan is to roll the robots out to other locations once field testing is over
Plays well with others
OSHbot is "a great example of where robotics are today in terms of their usefulness," says Rob Nail, chief executive of Singularity University, located in Nasa's Silicon Valley research park.
They are built to perform very specific, fairly limited tasks.
The key to a robot-to-human interface is that it is embodied, suggests Philip Solis, a robotics expert at ABI Research. "You're moving towards something you can interact with more - you can ask it information, and it can respond to you."
As an example he points to Jibo, which is being developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, and billed as the "world's first family robot".
Jibo does not move around, but can swivel, answer questions, read stories, and take group photographs.
"It's another form of user interface to the internet," says Mr Solis.
Human interaction is likely to prove the most difficult thing to do well, argues Mr Nail, "since we haven't had a lot of robots interacting with consumers."
Jibo - with its creator, MIT professor Cynthia BreazealJibo - with its creator, MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, is billed as the world's first family robot
OSHbot costs roughly $150,000 (£95,319, €120,200), Mr Solis estimates, though this unit cost would decrease as the market matures. By contrast, Jibo will enter the marketplace at the end of 2015 for $499 (£317, €400).
Robotics components are becoming cheaper, and instead of the full onboard computer previously required to provide processing speed, personal robots now "really just need smartphone guts", says Mr Solis.
The cost of robotics has moved from accessible only to big business, to affordable for small enterprise, meaning much more experimentation will take place, says Andra Keay, head of Silicon Valley Robotics, a non-profit industry group.
She predicts gradual improvements to things we already have based on robotics technology.
Help with the heavy lifting
In this way Budgee, a robotic shopping trolley developed by Five Elements Robotics, might just become what we expect every shopping trolley to do.
This robot is purely functional. Rather than replicating a human shop assistant, it follows shoppers with their goods in tow - particularly helpful for the elderly or those with limited mobility.
Budgee is a robot shopping trolleyBudgee is a robot shopping trolley - you can buy your own from March 2015
Budgee folds up so it can be stowed in a car bootBudgee folds up so it can be stowed in a car boot
Robot security guard from KnightscopeThis is not a cunningly-disguised Dalek. It's a robot security guard from Knightscope
On similar lines are the K5 and K10 robotic security guards being field tested by Knightscope - and in passing, possibly resembling a Dalek.
They use similar technology to the Google self-driving car, can read 300 vehicle registration plates a minute, and summon police or security guards when they encounter evidence of intruders.
Much of the biggest retail impact of robotics technologies will in fact be out of customers' eye.
Amazon purchased Kiva Systems - which makes warehouse robots - in March 2012 for $775 million (£493 million, €620 million), and is using them in its warehouses. They're not alone - robotic pickers and packers are becoming a common sight in retail distribution centres.
It's a very different approach to that of Aldebaran Robotics. Their humanoid Pepper robot was created for Japanese company Softbank, and it's more like the robot companions of science fiction.
Pepper is designed to recognise human emotions, and to react to its environment based on information held in a continually evolving cloud database. It will go on sale in Japan in February 2015 for ¥198,000 ($1,900, £1,064, €1,434).
Miss Keay thinks this is a difficult price point for its makers to pull off.
"When we're going for robots that are cheaper than $20,000-$50,000 (£12,700-31,777, €16,000-40,050), you're going to have a lot of tradeoffs in either durability, size, or functionality."
Pepper the robot puts in his 9-5 at a Tokyo electrics shop, selling Nestle coffee machinesEarn your crust: Pepper the robot puts in his 9-5 at a Tokyo electrics shop, selling Nestle coffee machines
Pepper the robot selling coffee machinesPepper gives this Japanese shopper the hard sell
This is droid you're looking for
How a robot looks could guide how we interact with technology in coming years.
"A voice in a headset saying turn left, now turn right feels a little too intimate, I think," says Mr Nail.
"But," he adds, "it's not going to be humanoid, really it's not - when people try to make them look too human, it kind of creeps us out."
We're more likely to see robots like Jibo at the moment, thinks Miss Keay.
R2D2 at the New York Stock ExchangeR2D2 doesn't need to worry about what to do in the downtime between Star Wars sequels - a Saturday job in Budgens beckons
"You've basically taken out all the hardware problems, and made a physically embodied social interaction in a not very difficult piece of hardware," she says,
"Whereas producing a small humanoid that was affordable, it's just a little too complex for where we're at."
"I really hope the novelty of the robot wears off quickly," says Singularity University's Rob Nail.
He thinks robots with access to customer databases could recreate a time "when the shopkeeper would know your name and preferences, and you'd have a tab with him."
In other words, rather than the sterile high tech environment often seen in science fiction, robots on the shop floor could bring back the personal service while shopping we associate more with the past, than the future.
http://www.bbc.com/news/business-30422675